Synthesis of Asynchronous Systems

This paper addresses the problem of synthesizing an asynchronous system from a temporal specification. We show that the cost of synthesizing a single-process implementation is the same for synchronous and asynchronous systems (2EXPTIME-complete for CTL* and EXPTIME-complete for the μ-calculus) if we assume a full scheduler (i.e., a scheduler that allows every possible scheduling), and exponentially more expensive for asynchronous systems without this assumption (3EXPTIME-complete for CTL* and 2EXPTIME-complete for the μ-calculus). While multi-process synthesis for synchronous distributed systems is possible for certain architectures (like pipelines and rings), we show that the synthesis of asynchronous distributed systems is decidable if and only if at most one process implementation is unknown.